2012中考英语动词不定式知识梳理 1-中考-中考英语-宁德中考-宁德中考英语-出国留学百科常识-出国留学网

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2012中考英语动词不定式知识梳理 1

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    动词不定式
    不定式：to + 动词原形
    动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。如：to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等
    动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语：

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    注：作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。例如：
    It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
    It took us three days to do the work.
    动词不定式的否定形式由“not+动词不定式”构成. 如:
    Tell him not to be late.
    The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.
    4) 不定式省去to的情况: 在感官动词see，watch，look at，hear， listen to，feel和使役动词make，have，let等所接的宾语中(不定式做宾语不足语)，不定式应省去to。但是在被动语态中不能省。如：
    Let me listen to you sing the song.
    He watched his son play computer games.
    I saw him run away.------He was seen to run away.
    The boss make the workers work the whole night.----The workers were made to work the whole night.
    5) 动词不定式和疑问词连用
    动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用，构成不定式短语。如：
    The question is when to start.
    I don’t know where to go .
    He showed me how to use a computer.
    What to do is a big problem.
    例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松!
    翻译下列句子，说出句中不定式的作用：
    1. To grow plants is very important.
    2. It is so nice to hear your voice.
    3. My dream is to be a pilot.
    4. He began to read and write at the age of five.
    5. The teacher asked me to speak more loudly.
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