2012高考英语语法：现在分词与过去分词的区别-高考-高考英语-出国留学百科常识-出国留学网

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2012高考英语语法：现在分词与过去分词的区别

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    在英语学习中，分词是一个相当重要的语法内容。作为非谓语动词，它也是高考年年必考的"重头戏"。但是从学生的答题情况来看，结果却不容乐观。分词应注意的几个问题：
    1.现在分词与过去分词的区别
    Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?
    = Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ?
    The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.
    = The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.
    China is a developing country and America is a developed country.
    2.分词作表语
    The news sounds encouraging.
    They got very excited.
    1)现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：
    The news is interesting. (表示主语的性质特征)
    He is interested in the news. (表示主语的心理状态)
    doing 作表语，主语与表语是主谓关系 ;done 作表语，主语与表语是动宾关系。
    2)表语与被动式的区别：
    The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.(强调动作)
    The blackboard is broken. You’d better have it repaired.(强调状态)
    3)常作表语的过去分词：
    amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done
    3.现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别
    The situation in our country is encouraging. (表语)
    The situation in our country is encouraging the people. ( 现在进行时)
    My job is looking after the little baby. (动名词)
    能回答how-question 的是现在分词，能回答what-question 的动名词，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是现在进行时。
    例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging.
    What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby.
    4.注意的四种结构：
    have something to do 有某事要做
    have something done 使某事被做
    have somebody do something 使某人做某事
    have something doing 让某事一直做着
    5.需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词：
    seat , prepare , hide , dress
    如：I seated myself on the chair.
    I was seated on the chair

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