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标题 | 高考英语常见陷阱题:名词类的讲解 | |||||||||||||||
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1. Her father works as a _________ in a hotel and her mother a _________ in a private company. A. cooker, typewriter B. cook, typist C. cooker, typist D. cook, typewriter 【陷阱】误选A,许多同学想当然地认为:cook用作动词,表示“煮饭”,所以cooker应是其相应的名词,表示“煮饭的人”,即“厨师”;type用作动词,表示“打字”,所以typewriter应表示“打字员”。 【分析】而事实是:cook=厨师,cooker=炊具;typist=打字员,typewriter=打字机。即此题正确答案为B。 2. "Why couldn't they meet us at five o'clock?" "Because they were delayed by _________." A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics 【陷阱】B、C、D三项均容易误选。 【分析】对于此题,首先要明确traffic为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故排除B和D。另外,汉语习惯说“交通拥挤”,而英语习惯上却不能用crowded来修饰traffic,要表示汉语的“交通拥挤”,英语通常说heavy traffic,即选A。如下一题也是选A: She is not a competent driver and can't cope with driving in _________. A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics 3. By all _________, you must try every _________ to help him. A. mean, mean B. means, means C. means, mean D. mean, means 【陷阱】误选C,认为第一空前有all修饰,故用all means,而第二空前有every修饰,故用mean。 【分析】其实,means是一个单复数同形的名词,并且永远带有尾-s。换句话说,在表示“方式”、“方法”时,不存在mean这一形式(mean主要用作动词,表示“意思是”;也可用作名词,表示“中间”、“中庸”)。此题正确答案为B,by all means为习语,意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”。顺便说一句,means用作主语时,其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。比较:All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的办法都已经试过了。Every possible means has been tried. 每种可能的办法都已经试过了。若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数,其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如: Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗? 4. Jim is _________ person, and everyone is willing to be _________ with him. A. so kind a, friends B. so a kind, friends C. so kind a, friend D. so a kind, friend 【陷阱】误选D。认为 friend要用单数。 【分析】其实此题最佳答案为A。so kind a person相当于such a kind person相当 ,注意两者中冠词的位置不同。be friends with是习语,意为“与......友好”、“跟......做朋友”,与之同义的还有make friends with。值得说明的是,这类短语中的名词总是用复数,即使句子主语为单数也是如此。如:He is friends with me. 他与我是朋友。He has made friends with everyone here. 他与这儿的每个人交上了朋友。
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