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| 标题 | 2013中考英语备考：语法特辑“名词” | |||||
| 内容 |
(一)名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词，其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词要注意单复数。 (二)名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 A、不可数名词，中学阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点： 1)前无冠，后无复;作主语为三单. 2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [ ] A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_______ on the plate. [ ] A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer 2、可数名词的复数 不规则变化： man——menm, woman——women，policeman——policemen, foot——feet， tooth——teeth, child——children，mouse—mice，Ox—Oxen, mouse—mice 注意： ① potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes ② 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese ③ 由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 (man doctor — men doctors) ④ reef—reefs ⑤ “某国人”的复数：口诀是“ eg. German—Germans ⑥有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。 eg: cloth布——,a cloth桌布、抹布; sand沙——sands沙滩; tea茶——a tea一杯茶; orange橘汁——an orange橘子; glass玻璃——a glass玻璃杯，glasses眼镜; paper纸——a paper试卷、论文; wood木头——a wood小森林; room空间、余地——a room房间 fruit ——fruits ;food ——foods ;fish ——fishes ;drink ——a drink ; 3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是 “……的”) A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”; 注意： 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s” Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲. 2)以s结尾的词只加“ ’ ” eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father 3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导 eg. the leg of the desk 4)双重所有格：a friend of my father’s a friend of mine ( √ ) a friend of my( × ) - 练 习 一、写出下列词的复数 1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______ 4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my ________ 7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________ 10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____ 13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________ 二、选择正确的答案 ( )1.—Are those ______? ---No, they aren’t. They’re _____. A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cow C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows ( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ____. A. two orange B. two bottles of orange C. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges ( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do you want to know? A. a very good B. any C. a piece of D. two pieces ( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s ( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____ to his office. A. 20 minutes’ walk B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk ( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him ____. A. Mr. Green B. Mr. Allan C. Mr. James D. James Green ( )7.Jack and Tom are ____. A. good friends B. good friend C. a good friend D. good a friend ( )8.It’s only about ten ____ walk to the nearest post office. A. minutes B. minute’s C. minutes’ D. minute ( )9.He often has ____ for breakfast. A. two breads B. two piece of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( )10.Mrs. Green has two ____. They’re very bright. A. childs B. child C. children’s D. children ( )11.What did the headmaster say about Jim’s ______. A. two months holiday B. two months’ holiday C. two-month holiday D. two month’s holidays ( )12.I won’t go there with you, for I have a lot of ____ to do. A. works B. job C. work D. working ( )13.Li Lei is a friend of ___. A. I sister B. my sister’s C. me sister D. my sister of ( )14.Have you read ____? A. today’s B. today paper C. the today’s paper D. today’s paper ( )15.How many ___ are there in the room? A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes ( )16.Many ____ have been built in our city since 1987. A. factorys B. factories C. factoryes D. factorys ( )17.There are lots of ___ in the basket on the table . A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss ( )18.The cat caught two ___ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices ( )19.Jack went to have two ___ pulled out yesterday afternoon. A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes ( )20.In our school there are fifty-five ___. A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teacher D. woman’s teacher ( )21.The three ___ will be put into prison. A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs’ 练习题答案： 1——5 ABCBD 6—10 AACCD 11—15 CCBDA 16—21 BCBCAC ?
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