考研英语虚拟语气详细解读-考研-考研英语-出国留学百科常识-出国留学网

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考研英语虚拟语气详细解读

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    ? ? 专业硕士英语考试中，虚拟语气是重要的考查点，暑期复习中，专硕考生要格外重视。英语虚拟语气的复习指导如下：
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    一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型：
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    （1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气
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    A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。
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    B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would， could， might+ 动词原形。
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    C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could， would + have +动词过去分词。
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    The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.
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    --“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”
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    --“That's all right， but I wish he would buy one of his own.”
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    I wish that he weren't so lazy.
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    （2） had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
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    His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him，but his son became an artist later.
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    （3） would （had） rather， would as soon， would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如：
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    I'd rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。
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    I would prefer he didn't stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。
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    I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
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    （4） It's （high， about） time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。
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    It's time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown.
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    It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。
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    （5）as，或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：
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    Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions， be they Christian， Islamivc， Buddhist， Jewish， and so on.
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    The business of each day， be it selling goods or shipping them， went quite smoothly.
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    （6）由连接词in case， so that ，unless， lest ，for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should（might， would）+动词原形，例如：
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    She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。
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    The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.
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    （7） if it were not for…与现在事实相反， if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for：
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    If it had not been for his help（=but for his help），we would not have succeeded.
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    （8）虚拟语气用于as if（though）引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously， and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。
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    They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。
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    She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。
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    （9）其它各种句型， as though， suppose， had rather， supposing， if only等等If I were in a movie， then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.
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    二、虚拟语气的重点是：
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    （1）一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。
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    （2）虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、的建议、的命令、的提议、的意愿等的主语从句、的宾语从句、的表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。
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    （3）主从句表示不同的时间概念、的事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。
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    （4）含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。
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    虚拟语气是专业硕士考生英语复习的一个重点，考生掌握学习技巧，将会事半功倍，考取英语高分。

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