2014考研英语语法难点：定语从句-考研-考研英语-出国留学百科常识-出国留学网

标题

2014考研英语语法难点：定语从句

内容

    2014考研钟声已然敲响，英语的复习是一个从基础不断提升的过程，考研英语的复习要有针对性的高效率复习，制定一个详细有效的复习计划，作文是成功的关键，出国留学网为您作文写作提供良好的素材和技巧，希望最您有所帮助。
    历年考研真题中，阅读、翻译、新题型中都包含定语从句的考查，而且是考查的重点。对于英语基础薄弱，或者是放开英语多年的考生来说，如何攻克考研英语中的定语从句，是一个很棘手的问题。面对多数同学的困惑，小编将在本节着重讲解定语从句的一些知识，广大考生可以此为参考，一方面给自己增加信心，一方面让自己的英语知识更加扎实。
    一、定语从句的定义：
    用来修饰前面的名词或者代词的具有完整的主谓结构的句子就叫定语从句。定语从句有两个必备的基本元素。一个是先行词;一个是关系词。被定语从句所修饰的词称为先行词，定语从句必须置于先行词之后。
    1. 先行词
    (1)名词或代词做先行词。
    例：He laughs best who laughs last.
    (2)短语做先行词。
    例：Many of life’s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.
    (3)句子做先行词。
    例：The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.
    I am a student, which you all know.
    2. 关系词/引导词(关系代词、关系副词)
    (1)定语从句里面关系代词的用法。
    1) 常用的关系代词：which, that, who(m), whose, what, as, than。Whom现在用的很少。前面有介词时只能用which，不能用that。定语从句的先行词为all, everything, something, nothing, anything或用作名词的little, much或先行词前有only, any, no时，先行词为序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时，先行词是两个不同性质的词，一个指人，一个指物时，先行词表示确切时间(time，day)、距离(distance)、方向(direction)、倍数(times)、方式(way)时，关系代词用that。
    2) 关系代词what, as, than在考试中的特殊情况。
    A. What
    a. what是子母同体。既是先行词也是关系词。所以，What前面不应该再出现先行词。如果前面已经有一个先行词，就不能用what来引导。
    例：You can have everything what you like. what=all that, 所以这儿不能用what.
    b. what单独使用，后面不加名词。
    例：She is not what she used to be.
    c. what 后面加名词
    例：What money I have has been given to you.
    B. as
    as引导定语从句。既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。引导限制性定语从句一般是固定用法。如as…as, such…as, the same...as考试中经常考到。
    例：Such a student as works hard were be sure to succeed.
    as引导非限制性定语从句。as引导的定语从句修饰整个句子时，一定要和主句用逗号隔开，即非限制性定语从句，先行词就是它所修饰的整个句子，该从句可放在主句前、主句后或插入主句中，as在句中作主语或宾语。
    例：As is so often pointed out knowledge is a two edge weapon which can be used equally for good or evil.
    I was a boy which you know. which可以用as替换。
    C. than 作为关系代词可以引导定语从句
    例：More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; consequently, children are likely to have less supervision at home ____ was common in the traditional family structure .
    A. than B. that C. which D. as
    特点：
    1) than作为关系代词引导词在从句中一般必须做主语或者作宾语。
    2) than 前面的主句必须要有比较级
    3) 比较级所修饰的名词就是than指代的对象
    (2)定语从句里面关系副词的用法。
    1)常用的关系副词：when, where, why
    2) When引导定语从句的用法。
    A. 先行词必须是表示时间的名词。
    Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes.
    B. 如何区分when引导的定语从句和状语从句。用句子表示状语就是状语从句。例如：When I go to school, I will work hard.

考研英语大纲

考研英语词汇

英语作文万能句子

考研英语真题

考研英语作文

考研复试英语

随便看

出国留学网为出国留学人员提供留学、移民、外语考试等出国知识，帮助用户化解出国留学过程中的各种疑难问题。