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标题 | 美国留学研究生教育体制 |
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美国留学研究生教育体制:美国研究生学位主要分为硕士和博士: 硕:学术性硕士学位 职业性硕士学位 博士 一、美国研究生学位-硕士 硕士学位又分为学术型硕士学位和职业型硕士学位。 1、学术型硕士学位:MA, MSc,30-60个学分,1-2年完成。可攻读博士。Usually awarded in the traditional arts, sciences, and humanities disciplines. The M.S. is also awarded in technical fields such as engineering and agriculture. 学术型硕士学位又可以分为2类: 1 论文:论文答辩+综合考试 2 非论文:修课+书面综合考试 2、职业性硕士学位:职业导向,如商科、新闻、国际关系、建筑、城市规划等,36-48个学分。MBA, MSW, M. Ed, MFA, MPA, MPP等。不要求thesis,也不要求有相关本科专业背景。属于Terminal Degree,do not lead to doctoral programs。职业性学位如果以后要攻读博士,一般修的硕士学分不会转到博士课程。 二、美国研究生学位-博士 博士:5-8年 Ph.D. 最普遍。 Ed.D. or doctor of education D.B.A. or doctor of business administration M.D。 注:学术型硕士学位和PhD型学位一般需要和学校教授联系 专业分类 一、从大的方向上,专业可以分为两大类: 1、 Liberal Arts and Science Programs 文理型专业: Science自然科学 Social Science 社会科学 Humanities人文科学 2、 Professional Programs 职业型专业: Business, Law, Medicine, Engineering, Education, etc。 二、从具体专业类别上,可以分为以下十一大类别: Business Law Medicine Engineering Education The Sciences Library & Information Studies Social Sciences & Humanities Health Public Affairs Fine Arts 三、专业方向 Business: Accounting Entrepreneurship Finance Information Systems International Management Marketing Nonprofit Production / Operations Supply Chain / Logistics Human resource Education: Curriculum and instruction Education administration & supervision Education policy Educational psychology Elementary teacher education Higher education administration Secondary teacher education Special education Student counseling & personnel services Technical / Vocational Engineering: Aerospace / Aeronautical / Astronautical Biological / Agricultural Biomedical / Bioengineering Chemical Civil Computer Engineering Electrical / Electronic / Communications Environmental / Environmental Health Industrial / Manufacturing Materials Mechanical Nuclear |
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